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Economic instability has been found to increase overall mortality, infant deaths, fatalities from cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis, suicide, and homicide as well as morbidities, alcoholism and admissions to mental hospitals. M Harvey Brenner has publications studying the phenomenon going all the way back to the 50s if you’re interested in the scientific literature.
No, the number comes from a macroeconomics text book written by Gregory Mankiw and its based on research by Harvey Brennan studying the correlation since the 1950s.