Yes, caching. When you ask for a remote community it doesn’t go fetch it right then. In fact, it doesn’t fetch at all. The remote community pushes when there is new data.
In the UK they had separate taps for hot and cold because the cold was safe to drink and the hot was not.
lemmygrad.ml might actually be China. But each instance gives a list of the instances it federates with, so it should be easy for China to block them all. Lemmy has no features specifically for evading state censorship.